近年来火灾事故频频发生,尤其是人员密集的大型建筑,一旦这些场所发生火灾并蔓延,将严重威胁人们的生命和财产安全,甚至带来社会的动荡不安。所以建筑材料的阻燃防火性能也愈加引起了全球的高度重视。
当前,建筑材料防火测试每个国家都制定出相对科学的防火标准,比较有代表性的有:欧盟标准EN13501-1,中国标准GB8624,英国标准BS476,澳洲标准AS1530,美洲标准ASTM E84,法国标准NF P92-507,德国标准DIN4102等。
建筑材料
防火测试
欧洲标准:
- EN 13501-1:2007:Fire classification of construction products and building elements-Part1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests
EN 13501-1:建筑制品和构件的火灾分级-第一部分:用对火反应试验数据的分级
非地面材料
A1,A2, B,C,D,E,F |
A1级: EN ISO 1182不燃性和EN ISO 1716 燃烧热值 |
A2级: EN 13823单体燃烧和ISO 1182或ISO 1716燃烧热值 | |
B,C,D级:EN ISO 11925-2可燃性测试和EN 13823单体燃烧 | |
E级: EN ISO 11925-2可燃性测试 | |
F级: 未能达到E级要求。 | |
地面铺装材料
A1fl ,A2fl ,Bfl,Cfl, Dfl,Efl,Ffl |
A1fl: EN ISO 1182不燃性测试和EN ISO 1716燃烧热值 |
A2fl级:ISO 9239-1和ISO 1182不燃性或ISO 1176燃烧热值 | |
Bfl,Cfl,Dfl级:
EN ISO 11925-2可燃性测试和ISO 9239-1辐射热源测试 |
|
Efl级: EN ISO 11925-2可燃性测试 | |
Ffl级: 未能达到Efl级要求 | |
线性管件
A1L, A2L, BL,CL,DL,EL,FL |
A1L级:EN ISO 1182不燃性测试和EN ISO 1716燃烧热值 |
A2L级:
EN 13823单体燃烧和ISO1182不燃性或ISO 1716燃烧热值 |
|
BL,CL,DL级:
EN ISO 11925-2可燃性测试和EN 13823单体燃烧) |
|
EL级: EN ISO 11925-2可燃性测试 | |
FL级: 未能达到Class E要求。 |
- EN13823 Reaction to fire tests for building products ― Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
EN13823 建筑制品对火反应试验-不含铺地材料的建筑制品单体燃烧试验
- ENV 1187 Fire tests on building materials and structures — Test methods for external fire exposure to roofs
ENV 1187建筑材料和构件的防火测试-屋顶外露部分防火测试
中国标准:
- GB8624-2012: 建筑材料及制品燃烧性能分级
GB 8624-2012: Classification for burning behavior of building materials
GB8624非地面材料等级分类:
Class等级划分 | 试验方法 | |
Class A | A1 | GB/T 5464不燃性 和GB/T 14402燃烧热值 |
A2 | GB/T 20284单体燃烧和GB/T 5464不燃性或GB/T 14402燃烧热值 | |
Class B1 | B | GB/T 8626可燃性和GB/T 20284单体燃烧 |
C | GB/T 8626可燃性和GB/T 20284 单体燃烧 | |
Class B2 | D | GB/T 8626可燃性和GB/T 20284 单体燃烧 |
E | GB/T 8626 可燃性 | |
Class B3 | F | 未能达到E级要求 |
GB 8624地面材料等级分类:
Class等级划分 | 试验方法 | |
Class A | A1 | GB/T 5464不燃性和GB/T 14402燃烧热值 |
A2 | GB/T 11785临界辐射通量 和
GB/T 5464不燃性或GB/T 14402燃烧热值 |
|
Class B1 | B | GB/T 8626可燃性和GB/T 11785临界辐射通量 |
C | GB/T 8626可燃性和GB/T 11785临界辐射通量 | |
Class B2 | D | GB/T 8626可燃性测试和GB/T11785 临界辐射通量 |
E | GB/T 8626可燃性测试 | |
Class B3 | F | 未能达到E级要求 |
GB8624窗帘幕布,家具制品装饰用织物等级分类:
Class等级划分 | 试验方法 |
Class B1 | GB/T5454氧指数&GB/T5455垂直燃烧 |
Class B2 | GB/T5454氧指数&GB/T5455垂直燃烧 |
Class B3 | 无性能要求 |
GB 8624软质家具、硬质家具等级分类:
阻燃级别 | 制品类别 | 试验方法 |
Class B1 | 软质家具 | GB/T 27904 ,GB/T17927.1 |
硬质家具 | GB/T 27904 | |
Class B2 | 软质家具 | GB/T 27904, GB/T17927.1 |
硬质家具 | GB/T 27904 | |
Class B3 | 无性能要求 |
- GB/T 20284建筑材料或制品的单体燃烧试验
GB/T 20284 Single burning item test for building materials and products
- GB/T 14402 建筑材料及制品的燃烧性能- 燃烧热值的测试
GB/T 14402 Reaction to fire test for building materials and products-Determination of the heat of combustion
- GB/T 8626:建筑材料可燃性测试方法
GB/T 8626:Test method of flammability for building materials
- GB/T 11785:铺地材料临界辐射通量的测定-辐射热源法
GB/T 11785:Reaction to fire tests for floorings-Determination of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source
- GB/T 5464:建筑材料不燃性测试方法
GB/T 5464:Non-combustibility test method of building materials
- GB/T 5454:纺织品-燃烧性能测试-氧指数法
GB/T 5454:Textiles-Burning behaviour-Oxygen index method
- GB/T 27904 火焰引燃家具和组件的燃烧性能试验方法
- GB/T 17927.1软体家具弹簧软床垫抗引燃测试
- GB/T 20285 材料产烟毒性危险分级
- GB/T 8627:建筑材料燃烧或分解的烟密度试验方法
GB/T 8627: Test methods for Smoke Density of Building material
- GB/T 2408:塑料-燃烧性能的测定-水平法和垂直法
GB/T 2408:Plastics-Determination of burning characteristics-Horizontal and vertical test
- GB/T2406.1 塑料-用氧指数法测定燃烧行为,第1部分:导则
GB/T2406.1 Plastics-Determination of buring behaviour by oxygen index-Part 1:Guidance.
- GB20286 公共场所阻燃制品及组件燃烧性能要求和标识
GB20286 Requirements and mark on burning behavior of fire retarding products and subassemblies in public place
- GB/T 16172:建筑材料热释放速率试验方法
GB/T 16172:Test method of Heat release rate of building materials
- GB/T 8924:纤维增强塑料燃烧性能试验方法氧指数法
GB/T 8924:Fiber Reinforced Plastics-Burning behaviour-Oxygen index method
- GB 15763.1:建筑用安全玻璃-第1部分:防火玻璃
GB 15763.1:Safety glazing materials in building-part 1: Fire-resistant glass.
- GB12441 饰面型防火涂料通用技术条件
GB12441 General technical specifications for finishing fire retardant paint
英国标准:
- BS 476-3 Fire tests on building materials and structures — Part 3: Classification and method of test for external fire exposure to roofs
BS 476-3 建筑材料和构件的防火测试-屋顶外露部分防火测试
- BS 476-4 Fire tests on building materials and structures- Part 4: Non-combustibility test for materials
BS 476-4 建筑材料及结构的燃烧试验—第4部分:材料不燃性测试
- BS476-5 Fire tests in building materials and structures Part 5: method of test for ignitability
BS 476-5 建筑材料和构件防火测试,第五部分:点燃性测试
- BS 476-6 Fire Tests on Building materials and structures – Method of test for fire propagation for products
BS 476-6 建筑材料和建筑构件阻燃防火测试 – 产品火焰传播的测试方法
- BS 476-7 Fire Tests on Building materials and structures – Method of test to determine the classification of the surface spread of flame of products
BS 476-7 建筑材料和建筑构件阻燃防火测试 – 产品火焰表面燃烧的等级测定
- BS 476-11 Fire tests on building materials and structures — Part 11: Method for assessing the heat emission from building materials
BS 476-11建筑材料及结构的燃烧试验—第11部分-材料热释放评估
- BS 476-12 Fire tests on building materials and structures-Part 12: Method of test for ignitability of products by direct flame impingement.
BS 476-12建筑材料和结构的燃烧试验.第12部分:与火焰直接紧密接触制品可燃性试验方法
- BS 476-15 Fire Tests on Building Materials and Structures Part 15: Method of Measuring the Rate of Heat Release of Products
BS 476-15建筑材料和结构的防火测试-产品释热率的测试方法
- BS 7955 Containment nets and sheets on construction works – Specification for performance and test methods
BS 7955 施工作业用控制网和薄板材.性能和试验方法规范
- BS 5839-1:Fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings — Part 1: Code of practice for system design, installation, commissioning and maintenance
BS 5839-1:建筑物火灾探测和警报系统–第1部分:系统的设计、安装、调试及维护
- BS 5803-3:Thermal insulation for use in pitched roof spaces in dwellings. Specification for cellulose fibre thermal insulation for application by blowing.
BS 5803-3:住房的斜屋顶空间的隔热-喷吹的纤维素纤维隔热规范
- BS 5803-2:Thermal insulation for use in pitched roof spaces in dwellings- Part 2: Specification for man-made mineral fibre thermal insulation in pelleted or granular form for application by blowing.
BS 5803-2:住房的斜屋顶空间的隔热-用喷吹法施加的丸状或粒状人造矿物纤维隔热层规范
澳洲标准:
- AS/NZS 1530.1:Methods for fire tests on building materials,components and structures – Combustibility test for materials
AS/NZS 1530.1:建筑材料、元件和构件的防火测试,第1部分:材料可燃性测试
- AS/NZS 1530.2:Methods for fire tests on building materials,Components and structures – Test for flammability of materials
AS/NZS 1530.2:建筑材料、元件和构件的防火测试,第2部分:材料易燃性测试
- AS/NZS 1530.3:Methods for fire tests on Building Materials,Components and Structures – Part 3: Simultaneous Determination of Ignitability,Flame Propagation. Heat Release and Smoke Release
AS/NZS 1530.3:建筑材料可燃性、火焰蔓延及热释放烟雾性能测试
- AS/NZS 3837:Method of test for heat and smoke release rates for materials and products using an oxygen consumption calorimeter
AS/NZS 3837:氧耗量热计测试材料和产品的释热性和生烟性的测试方法
美国标准:
- ASTM E 84 Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
ASTM E 84 建筑材料表面燃烧性能的测定方法
- ASTM E136 Non-combustibility test
ASTM E136 不燃性测试
- ASTM E 162: Standard test method for surface flammability of materials using a radiant heat energy source.
ASTM E 162: 用辐射热源评定材料表面燃烧性能的试验方法
- ASTM E648:Standard Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat
ASTM E648:地面材料临界热辐射测试
- ASTM E1354 Method of test for heat and smoke release rates for materials and products using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
ASTM E1354 耗氧量法测定材料释热及烟雾释放速率方法
- ASTM D3675: Standard test method for surface flammability of flexible cellular materials using radiant heat energy source.
ASTM D3675:辐射热源法评定柔性多孔材料的表面燃烧测试方法
- ASTM D2843 Standard Test Method for Density of Smoke from the Burning or Decomposition of plastics
ASTM D2843:塑料燃烧或分解产生的烟雾密度测试方法
- ASTM E 970:Standard Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Exposed Attic Floor Insulation Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
ASTM E 970:使用辐射热能源测定暴露阁楼绝缘地板的临界辐射通量的测试方法
- UL 723 Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
UL 723 建筑材料表面燃烧性能的测定方法
德国标准:
- DIN 4102-1 Fire behaviour of building materials and elements Part 1: Classification of building materials Requirements and testing
DIN 4102-1:建筑材料和构件的防火性能 第一部分:建筑材料要求和测试的分类等级
测试级别:A1,A2,B1,B2,B3
法国标准:
- NF P92-507: 建筑物-建筑材料和装饰材料-根据对火的反应进行分类
NF P92-507: Building- Construction and furnishing materials- Classification according to reaction to fire
- NF P92-501: Safety against fire: Building materials – Reaction to fire tests. used for rigid material or flexible materials thicker than 5mm
NF P92-501: 防火安全:建筑材料 – 燃烧反应. 刚性材料和厚度大于5mm的柔性材料(测试级别:M1-M4)
- NF P92-503: Safety against fire: Building materials – Reaction to fire tests. Electrical burner test used for flexible materials
NF P92-503: 防火安全:建筑材料 – 燃烧反应. 挠性材料用电燃烧试验(测试级别:M1-M4)
- NF P 92-504: speed of spread of flame test used for the materials which are not intended to be glued on a rigid substrate.
NF P 92-504:建筑物—建筑对火反应特性试验—耐火性能试验和火焰蔓延速度测试
- NF P 92-505: Dripping test with electrical radiator, used for melting materials.
NF P 92-505: 建筑物- 建筑对火反应特性试验—对热融材料进行的试验:熔滴试验
国际标准:
- ISO 1716 Reaction to fire tests for building Products- Determination of the heat of combustion
ISO 1716建筑制品对火反应试验-燃烧热值的测定
- ISO 1182 Reaction to fire tests for products — Non-combustibility test
ISO 1182 产品的阻燃防火测试-不燃测试
- ISO5658-2 Reaction to fire tests-spread of flame-Part 2: Lateral spread on building products in vertical configuration
ISO5658-2对火反应试验 火焰传播 第2部分:直立布局中建筑产品侧面火焰蔓延程度
- ISO5660-1 Reaction to fire tests-Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate-Part 1: Heat release rate (cone calorimeter method)
ISO5660-1对火反应试验—热释放、产烟量及质量损失率:热释放速率(锥形量热仪法)
- ISO 5660-2: Reaction to fire tests — Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate — Part 2: Smoke production rate (dynamic measurement)
ISO 5660-2: 燃烧测试-热释放,烟雾产生和质量损失-第2部分:动态测定烟雾的产生率
- ISO 5659-2: Plastics — Smoke generation — Part 2: Determination of optical density by a single-chamber test
ISO 5659-2: 塑料-生烟性测定-第2部分:单烟箱光密度测定
- ISO11925-2:Reaction to fire tests-Ignitability of building products subjected to direct impingement of flame-Single-flame source
ISO11925-2:建筑制品对火反应-单一火源可燃性测试
加拿大标准:
- CAN/ULC-S102-10:Standard method of test for surface building characteristics of building material and assemblies
CAN/ULC-S102-10:建筑材料和配件的表面燃烧特性测试方法
- CAN/ULC-S102-3:Standard method of fire test of light diffusers and lenses.
CAN/ULC-S102-3:灯具的扩散器和透镜防火测试方法
- CAN-ULC-S102-2:Standard method of test for surface building characteristics of flooring, floor coverings, and miscellaneous materials and assemblies.
CAN-ULC-S102-2:地板,地面覆盖物和其他材料和配件的建筑表面燃烧特性测试方法
- CAN/ULC-S135:standard test method for the determination of combustibility parametres of building materials using an oxygen consumption calorimeter.
CAN/ULC-S135:使用耗氧量热计确定建筑材料的燃烧性能的测试方法
- CAN/ULC-S127:standard corner wall method of test for flammability characteristics of Non-melting foam plastic building materials.
CAN/ULC-S127:墙角法测定非融化泡沫塑料建筑材料的可燃性特性
- CAN/ULC-S114-05:Standard method of test for determination of Non-combustibility in building materials
CAN/ULC-S114-05:建筑材料的不燃性测试方法
- CAN/ULC-S129:standard method of test for smoulder resistance of insulation(basket method)
CAN/ULC-S 129:绝缘电阻闷烧测试方法